Jack and The Beanstalk Tall and Short Stories

Seed, cede or ceed ? which is the correct one to use ?

ani _____

re _____ing hair

_____ling

suc_____

con_____ defeat

__r____

Nature Projects - About Seeds, Naturally !

1. Name as many trees, vegetables and bushes that grow from a seed as you can think of.

2. Make a nature display on paper on the wall. Get a horticulture book from a gardening showroom or supermarket. Draw and label pictures of different seeds and the trees that they grow into as many as you can. Then stick next to it one of the leaves from the trees with a short description of as many of the tree’s characteristics as possible.

© Jacqueline Richards 2007

Answers : aniseed ; receeding hair ; seedling ; succeed ; concede defeat ; creed

As Many Maples As Mabel Was Able

able, abel or aple ? which is the correct one to use ?

c) How many maples grew on the other branches on average ?

7. Maple’s basket could contain 250 maples - if one maple weighed 2 grams, how heavy was the basket ?

8. If it took Mabel 20 minutes to collect 5 maples,

a) How many maples did she collect in 4 hours ?

b) How long did it take her to collect 200 maples ?

© Jacqueline Richards 2007

Answers :

a type of tiger - sable

end of a house - gable

a place to keep a horse - stable

very able - capable

a story or rhyme - fable

something you sit at with chairs - table

a price tag - label faulty or criminal - culpablesteady - stable

4. 8 cm

5. 3

6. a) 150 ; b) 18 ; c) 600 - (600 / 4 = 150) - (20 - 2 = 1 = 25

7. 2 x 250 = 500 grams

8. a) 5 (4 x 3) = 60 ; b) 20 (200 / 5 = 40) = 800

In one of the branches in Jack’s beanstalk there, there lived a tiny blue tit, who spent his days watching the world go by a bit as he sit. All he ever wanted to be, was a bird of prey, a hot air balloon or a hand - glider, flying with zero gravity from Jack’s beanstalk tree. Although the blue tit studied aviation in a flight manual, he quickly found out that his wings soon got tired and quite frankly, he’d be better off as a trout.  The tiny blue tit who wanted to be a titan looked around the beanstalk to see what else was flying around - he looked so hard, he fell onto the ground ! There was a ladybird, a grasshopper and a frog - but when the tiny blue tit imitated them, he slipped and landed on a log in the bog. As he glanced upwards into the sky, he saw some eagles flying by. He liked the look of their aeronautical flight path high and decided to give it a try. He huffed and puffed with all his might, but still the blue tit wasn’t that light and he never really took off in flight out of sight. He flapped his wings and took a deep breath - but no amount of huffing and puffing helped him take off. He only lost a feather or two and a bit of fluff. He picked up some worms - to see if that helped at all, but he ate so many, he flopped onto the garden wall. Navigating the hedgerow turned out to be harder still - when he veered left, he bumped into the windowsill ! He took a strong - pill, it only made him ill. Although he exercised daily and his muscles grew and grew - but still he wobbled as over the garden he flew. He narrowly missed three grasshoppers as the wind blew. Soon, his flapping was the talk of the birds, it was the strangest flight they had seen or ever heard. Being a blue tit wasn’t that great - when he took off, he crash landed onto the gate !

Ain - tree Races

See how fast you can answer these questions and fill in the gaps of the words where either “tree” or “tre” is missing. Tree or tre ? Which is the correct one to use ?

______ ble

gum______

______k

______ssel

______ad

______nd

______llis

______pid

mis______ss

can______d

______aty

______atment

______asury

______acherous

______asure

______ason

______mble

______mor

______nch

______spass

s______wn

_____ats

Frog On A Log Game

How many words, like Jack’s beanstalk, contain a “log” ? Example - clog, technology.

Answers : treble; gumtree; trek; tressel; tread; trend; trellis; trepid; mistress; cantred; treaty; treatment; treasury; treacherous; treasure; treason; tremble; tremor; trench; trespass; strewn ; treats

© Jacqueline Richards 2007

1. The damp tramp was 25 cm wider than his umbrella. If his umbrella was 55 cm wide, how wide was the damp tramp ?

2. There was a hole in the damp tramp’s umbrella - which measured 15 cm across the middle. Work out the surface area of the hole using the formula ii r x r.

 3. The tramp was damp because the rain fell through this hole. If 35 raindrops fell through the hole every 2 minutes, how many raindrops fell through the hole in one hour ?

 4. The damp tramp trod in ten puddles every 30 metres. How many puddles did he tread in over a distance of 50 metres ?

 5. The tramp was damp because it snowed as well … if the snow fell at a rate of 2 cm every 4 hours, how deep was the snow after one day ?

 6. The damp tramp was damp because he splilt 20% of a 500 mls glass of juice. How much was left ?

 7. The damp tramp was so damp that he had to put his clothes on the washing line. He had two shirts, six socks and three pairs of trousers, each requiring two pegs. How many pegs were needed for them all ?  8. It took the damp tramp, 20 minutes in a launderette to dry one pair of trousers and he had 15 pairs. How long did it take to dry them all ? Give your answer in minutes and hours.

 9. The damp tramp was so damp that he sobbed into a handkerchief ! Boo ! Hoo ! He used 70 % of a box of 500 tissues. How many were left ?

 10. The damp tramp was so damp that he had to buy a new pair of Wellington boots which cost £25.99. How much change did he receive from £50.00 ?

 11. The damp tramp trampled all over town. He walked along 50 pavements - each was 2 km long. How far did he walk in total ?

  12. The damp tramp trampled so much that he slipped in a puddle and skidded down the road ! If he travelled at a speed of 0.5 km / hour, how long did it take him to reach the shop door, 7 km away ?

A Lightbulb Moment !

Can you see the “amp” ’s inside these words ?

damp

tramp

camp

scampi

camping

lampshade

ramp

tamper

vampire

stampede

ample

clampet

dampest

hamper

champagne

lampoon

pamper

ampler

trampled

cramp

damper

The damp tramp trampled downtown. He wanted to see if there was much maths going round. He left his home by the dump, hoping to find a pal who’d help him with his math homework that was making his such a grump. The damp tramp usually spent his days, looking in rubbish scaring off strays. On the scrapheap, the damp tramp searched deep for lots of stuff going cheap. He picked up a few odd bits of string and one or two cans that he could use to fix his pans. A broken chair and an old pair of pants to wear. Nobody bothered him, because no - one really cared.

© Jacqueline Richards 2007

Answers :

1. 25 + 55 = 80 cm

2. 3.14 (15 / 2 = 7.5) = 23.55

3. 60 x 2 x 35 = 4 200

4. 10 (50 / 30 = 1.66) = 16.6 puddles

5. 2 (24 / 4 = 6) = 12

6. 500 - (500 / 100 x 20 = 100) = 400 mls

7. (2 x 2) + (3 x 2) + (6 x 2) = 22

8. 15 x 20 = 300 / 60 minutes = 5 hrs

9. 500 / 100 x 70 = 3500 tissues

10. 50 - 25.99 = £24.01

11. 50 x 2 = 1000 km

12. 14

Answers :

1. 2.5 x 15 = 37.5 grams

2. 3 x 100 / 25 = 12

3. a) 60 ; b) 5 / 60 = 1 / 12 = 0.083 r = 8.3 % ; c) 10 / 60 = 0.16 r ; d) 20 / 60 = 2 / 6 = 1 / 3 rd ; e) 25 / 60 = 0.416 = 41.6 %

4. 1 : 2 : 3

5. 50 x 75 x 45 = 168,750 cubic cm

6. 3 / 15 = 1 5 th

7. 3 x 60 x 4 = 720

8. 10 cm + 40 cm

9. 75 / 3 = 25

10. (7 x 24 = 16 / 12 = 14

11. 80 - (80 / 8 = 10) = 70

12. 200 / 4 = 50 mls

The reindeer in a rainy thunderstorm could never find an umbrella big enough to cover his ears. In fact, his ears got so wet, that he looked like he’d been crying raindrop tears. The reindeer in a thunderstorm put on a scarf to keep him warm. At first he looked for a big umbrella, but in the shops, he only could find one yellow. He didn’t like the colour much at all and anyway, he was too tall to for them all. He hid under a tree to get as dry as a reindeer could be. But an apple fell upon his head, so he went to hide in the shed instead.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________d __ __ __ __ ed

10/ 15 x 0.25 = 3.75 cm

Winter

1. If the temperature dropped 15 degrees Celcius, from 24 degrees Celcius, how cold was it ?

2. If three inches of snow fell in two hours, how long did it take to become 18 inches thick ?

3. I went to buy a new bobble hat (which cost £3.99), an umbrella (which cost £2.99) and Wellington boots (costing £15.99). How much change did I receive from £50.00 ?

4. To keep out the cold, my Grandma knit me a scarf. It took her 30 minutes to knit 2 cm - if the scarf was 55 cm long, how long did it take her to make ?

5. In November and December, ir rained 0.4 of the days, 30% of the days, it snowed and the remainder, it was just chilly. How many days was it rainy, snowy and chilly ?

6. I sent 75 Christmas cards - 20 % of them were out of this country - how many were sent here ?

7. I made 150 footprints in the snow, but by mid - morning, one - fifth of them had disappeared. How many were left ?

8. In Winter, there were 88 icicles hanging from my window pane - but 15 % of them melted and 5% fell down - how many were left ?

9.The pond in the park froze 14 of the 31 days in December - what fraction, decimal (to 4 decimal places) and % is this ?

10. In Winter, there was more dark days. If in Summer the sunlight hours lasted 14 hours and in Winter, they lasted 6 - what was the difference in sunlight ? Express your answer in hours and as a fraction of the whole day.

 The Springiest Spring

The springiest spring was so springy that everything started to spring. The springiest spring sprang from January to November and back again. From autumn to winter without so much as blinking. The springiest spring was so springy that as soon as anything sat on it … it sprang. In fact, it sprang all over the place. The springiest spring sprang from the kitchen to the lounge. Off the table, over the plates, passing the cups and saucers, on it’s way to the chair … then circled around the bend towards the door. The springiest spring sprang some more, from the tops of the cupboards, then sprang onto the floor. The springiest spring sprang again and again … it sprang on the taps in the bathroom then sprang on the window pane. The springiest spring sprang until it was quite exhausted … sprang over the garden wall … it sprang on top of the garden seat and rolled over like a ball. The springiest spring sprang towards the Sun and over the clouds as well … then it sprang over the cat until it sprang and then it fell.

 SPRINGY Spelling Game

Thank heavens Winter is over and SPRING Has come - put the SPRING back into these words and phrases to complete them …

off + ________ = ________________

________ + time = ________________

________ + ing = ________________

________ + iness = ________________

________ + balance = ________________

________ + bed = ________________

________ + clean = ________________

________ + box = ________________

________ + a + leak = ________________

________ + into action = ________________

________ + ed = ________________

________ + from out of nowhere = ________________

mineral +  ________ + water = ________________

________ + flowers = ________________

 Summer

1. I took £500 on my Summer holidays and spent 75% of it. How much cash did I have remaining ?

2. A tube of suntan cream contains 150 mls. Each time I sunbathe, I use 15 mls. If I sunbathe 8 times, how much cream do I have left ?

3. I lost my sunhat. Whilst I was looking for it, I searched 1.5 km on the beach, 1.7 km on the High Street, 0.8 km on the promenade - how far did I walk in total ?

4. I built 40 sandcastles on the beach … after the tide came in only 0.36 remained. How much of the original sand had the sea washed away ?

5. I collected 70 seashells - cockles, clams, whelks and mussels in a ratio of 1 : 2 : 3 : 4. How many of each type of shell were there ?

 6. There were 780 people on the beach. 30% of them were swimming, 0.2 of them were sun - bathing, 2 / 5 ths were playing games like ball and the remainder were surfing. How many people were doing each activity ?

 7. I usually play tennis in the Summer. If I lost one ball every three matches, how many matches would I have played to have lost 18 ?

 8. I made a glass of fizzy pop - 5 % got spilled, if the glass contained 250 mls, how much did I drink ?

9. Mid afternoon, I took a siesta from the hot Sun. I should have slept for one hour, but I was so tired that I slept 0.3 more - how long did I sleep. Give your answer in minutes.

10. I put my garden hose on to water the flowers. The sprinkler used 15 mls of water for every 3 flowers and took 30 seconds. The watering can instead, took 1 minute and 30 seconds to water 3 flowers.

a) How long did it take to water the entire garden with 500 flowers with the sprinkler ? Give your answer in minutes.
b) How much water did the entire garden with 500 flowers use via the sprinkler ? Give your answer in litres.
c) How long did it take to water the entire garden with 500 flowers with the watering can ? Give your answer in minutes.
d) Compare the two - what was the difference in the time taken ? Give your answer in minutes and hours.

 Autumn

1. If the tree in my garden has 900 leaves, but 90% of them fall off - how many does that leave ?

2. Getting ready for his hibernation, the squirrel collected 500 acorns. To carry one to his hide away hole in the oak tree took 2.5 minutes - how long did it take to make a pile of them all ? Give your answer in minutes and hours.

3. I collected raspberries at harvest to make a pie. If one pie required 60 raspberries, how many did I need for 8 pies ?

4. I collected mushrooms in a basket - if one basket held 30 mushrooms, how many baskets did I fill with 800 mushrooms ?

5. I decided to prune my apple tree - I cut off 0.6 from it’s original 7 m height - how much remained ?

6. If there are 365 days in a year, on average, how long is one season ? Give your answer to two decimal places.

7. I tried to rake up all the leaves in my garden. If from one square metre, I raked up 7 leaves, how many leaves did I rake from my entire garden which measured
19 m x 7 m ?

8. I made a bonfire to burn all my garden rubbish … there were 45 logs, 80 dead flowers and 800 leaves. Express this as a ratio. What fraction of the garden rubbish was logs ?

9. There were 600 apples on the tree. 7% of them had fallen onto the ground - how many is that ?

10. On every plant in my garden, there were 8 slugs, 16 ladybirds and 24 caterpillars.

a) Express this as a ratio.
b) Work out how many insects there were in total on 15 plants.
c) What fraction of the insects in my garden were slugs ?
d) What decimal of the insects in my garden were ladybirds ?
e) What percentage of the insects in my garden were caterpillars ?

© Jacqueline Richards 2007

Winter Answers :
1. 24 - 15 = 9 degrees Celcius
2. 18 / 3 = 6 x 2 = 12 hours
3. 50 - 3.99 - 2.99 - 15.99 = £27.03
4. 55 / 2 x 30 / 60 = 13 hours, 45 minutes
5. a) rainy - 62 / 10 x 4 = 24.8 b) 62 / 100 x 30 = 18.6 c) 62 - (24.8 + 18.6) = 18.6
6. 75 - (75 / 100 x 20 = 15) = 60
7. 150 - (150 / 5 = 30) = 120
8. 88 - (88 / 100 x 20 = 17.6) = 70.4
9. a) 14 / 31 b) 14 / 31 = 0.4516 c) 45 %
10. a) 14 - 6 = 8 hours b) 8 / 24 = 1 / 3 rd

Summer Answers :
1. 500 - (500 / 100 = 5 x 75 = 375) = £125
2. 150 - (15 x 8 = 120) = 30 mls
3. 1.5 + 1.7 + 0.8 = 4 km
4. 40 - (40 / 100 x 36 = 14.4) = 25.6
5. One part = 70 / (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) = 7 therefore. 7 : 14 : 21 : 28
6. Swimming - 780 / 100 x 30 = 234 ; Sun - bathing - 780 / 10 x 2 = 156 ; Games - 780 / 5 x 2 = 312 ; Surfing - 780 - (234 + 156 + 312) = 78
7. 18 / 3 = 6
8. 250 - (250 / 100 x 5 = 12.5) = 237.5 mls
9. 60 + (60 / 10 x 3 = 1 = 78 mins
10. a) 500 / 3 x 30 / 60 = 83.3 mins b) 500 / 3 x 15 = 2499.99 = 2.49 litres c) 500 / 3 x 90 / 60 = 249.99 minutes d) i ) 249.99 - 83.3 = 166.69 minutes ii) 2.77 hours

Spring Answers :
offspring ; springtime ; springing ; springiness ; spring balance ; spring bed ; spring clean ; spring box ; spring a leak ; springtide ; spring into action ; springed ; spring from out of no - where ; mineral spring water ; spring flowers

Autumn Answers :
1. 900 - (900 / 100 x 90 = 810) = 90
2. 500 x 2.5 = 1250 minutes / 60 = 20.8 hours
3. 8 x 60 = 480
4. 800 / 30 = 26.6
5. 700 - (700 / 10 x 6 = 420) = 280 cm
6. 365 / 4 = 91.25
7. 19 x 7 x 7 = 931
8. a) logs : flowers : leaves 45 : 80 : 800 = 8 : 10 : 160 = 4 : 5 : 80
b) 45 / 225 = 8 / 45
9. 600 / 100 x 7 = 42
10. a) slugs : ladybirds : caterpillars = 8 : 16 : 24 = 1. : 2 : 3
b) 15 (8 + 16 + 24) = 720
c) 8 / 48 == 1 / 6 th
d) 16 / 48 = 0.333 r
e) 24 / 48 = 1 / 2 = 50 %

Thunder the Rabbit said to Lightening the Hare,
“Why are you stood under the light, is it quite dark over there ?!”,
Thunder the Rabbit replied that much worse,
- He didn’t want his tail to getter wetter of course !
Thunder the Rabbit jumped up and down,
He was as mad as the hatter about the rain over town !
Lightening the Hare said as quick as a flash,
Could he please come inside for some sausages and mash ?
Thunder the Rabbit said that it was no problem at all,
But he’d have to sit on the chair by the wall.
So long as he didn’t crack bad jokes or his cups …
Or tread on the tail of one of his pups !

Where is the lightening flash flashing in these sentences ?

The actor posed for a picture as the cameras flashed.

Einstein had a flash of inspiration.

Where’s th’ “under” in these words and phrases ?

My favourite music band in the Undertones.

I looked for my pen underneath the chair.

The undercover spy knew a special code.

The Vikings plundered treasure.

I didn’t go outside because of the thundering storm.

Excuse my blunder.

It was a very cheap coat - quite under valued.

The diver swam underwater.

Thank you for being so understanding.

The two high street shops had a price war and one undercut the price of another.

There is an underlying infection in the wound.

I gave him a subtle hint … quite understated.

The actor practised his lines with an understudy.

I couldn’t find the way because the path was so undetermined.

I bought a ticket for the London Underground.

I found a hedgehog under a bush.

I write an essay and underlined the title.

The patient is undergoing surgery.

The new car park is still under construction.

© Jacqueline Richards 2007

Jack Frost was lost …
He’d been wandering around for hours,
No wonder the weather was becoming quite grey,
And a frosty shower covered the flowers.

Jack Frost was lost,
He asked, but no - one knew the way.
Perhaps he should have stayed at home,
When he knew that the weather was looking grey that day.

Jack Frost was lost,
He had even lost his map.
No - one in the neighbourhood,
Had ever seen such a lost - looking chap.

 Minus 100 Degrees Mathematics

Write a mathematical equation to show your working out to the following math problems.

1/ Jack Frost froze ice along 4 / 5 ths of the path … if the path was 150 metres long, how much remained unfrozen ?

2/ Jack Frost covered 34% of the fence in ice - if the fence was 500 metres long, how much was left ?

3/ The garden wall was one of Jack Frost’s favourite places to drop his snow and ice … Work out the surface area of the wall if it measured 500 bricks wide (each brick being 45 cm long) plus 12 bricks high (each brick measured 15 cm high). Give your answer in cm and m.

4/ Jack Frost covered the tree with ice … he even covered one or two of the live - in mice ! If there were 1000 leaves on the trees … and Jack Frost covered 85% - how many leaves was that covered with ice ?

5/ Jack Frost froze the water on the bird table - there used to be 1400 birds that visited to feed - now there was one eighth less - how many is that ?

6/ SPLASH ! Jack Frost froze the puddles … there were originally 100 puddles down Jack Frost’s street … but now there was one twelth less. How many puddles could Jack Frost still splash in ?

7/ Jack Frost froze the pond … only 93 % of the 240 fish could now swim. How many is that ?

8/ Jack Frost raindrops on the roof so that the television aerial didn’t work anymore ! It was usually switched on for 12 hours a day … but after Jack Frost had been, it was only on for 0.7 of that time. How long was it on per day now ?

9/ Jack Frost froze the milk in the milk bottles. If there were 500 milk bottles on the milk cart, and Jack Frost froze 97% - how many could pour milk as normal ?

10/ Jack Frost froze the water in the drain so that only 35% of the water could flow through. If, originally, a volume of 25 ml / minutes flowed, how much flowed in one hour after Jack frost had been around ?

 Jack Frost’s Frostbite

The weather was so cold that some of the words were frozen inside. Add “frost” to these words to complete the spellings.

___ ___ ___ ___ ___ bite

___ ___ ___ ___ ___ y

___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ed glass

___ ___ ___ ___ ___ bitten

___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ily

a ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ y look

silver ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

___ ___ ___ ___ ___ iness

black ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

a ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ y morning

Answers :
1/ 150 / 5 x 4 = 120 m ;
2/ 500 - (500 / 100 x 34) = 500 - 170 = 330
3/ (500 x 45) x (12 x 15) = 22 500 + 180 = 22 , 680 sq cm / 100 = 226.8 m
4/ 1000 / 100 x 85 = 850
5/ 1400 - (1400 / 8 = 175) = 1225
6/ 100 - (100 / 12 = 8.3) = 91.7
7/ 240 - (240 / 100 x 93 = 223.2) = 16.8
8/ 12 / 0.7 = 17.14 hours
9/ 500 - (500 / 100 x 97 = 485) = 15
10/ 25 x 60 = 1500 / 100 x 35 = 525 mls

Answers : frostbite ; frosty ; frosted glass ; frostbitten ; frostily ; a frosty look ; silver frost ; frostiness ; black frost ; a frosty morning

© Jacqueline Richards 2007

Write a mathematical equation to show your working out when answering the following questions.

1/ If it took 25 minutes to make one sandcastle, how long does it take to make 125 ?

2/ If one sandcastle requires 2.5 kilograms of sand, how much sand is needed for 75 ?

3/ The sea washes away 15% of the sand from three sandcastles, how much sand is left ?

4/ The beachcomber collects 105 sea shells in one hour - how many does he collect in 8 hours ?

5/ If three hundred and twenty - seven waves wash up on the beach in one day, how many waves wash ashore in four weeks ?

6/ There are 500 deckchairs on the beach, but the wind collapses 12% of them - how many are left standing ?

7/ The beach comber collects one piece of driftwood every 5 hours, how many pieces of driftwood does he collect in 175 hours ?

8/ The beach comber walks uphill at a rate of 10.2 km/hour and downhill at a rate of 16 km/hour. How long does it take him to walk up and down 15 sand dunes that are 500 metres high ?

9/ If each rockpool contains 5 litres of seawater, how much sea - water does 50 contain ?

10/ The beachcombers collects 1600 shells - cockles, whelks, mussels and conch in a ratio of 1:3:5:7. How many of each type of shell is that ?

Beach Ball 

Bounce the beach ball back into these words.

___ ___ ___ ___ room

foot___ ___ ___ ___

base___ ___ ___ ___

eye___ ___ ___ ___

___ ___ ___ ___ point pen

on the ___ ___ ___ ___

___ ___ ___ ___ and socket

___ ___ ___ ___ ad

keep the ___ ___ ___ ___ rolling

___ ___ ___ ___ et

___ ___ ___ ___ istic

___ ___ ___ ___ oon

___ ___ ___ ___ erina

___ ___ ___ ___ ot box

___ ___ ___ ___ yhoo

Beachcombing

bea__h b__ __ l

cl__ __fs

saili__g b__at

sa__dc__stle

buc__et and s__ __de

starf__ __h

san__ d__n__s

seaw__ __d

wav__s

be__ch h__t

fish__ __g n__t

© Jacqueline Richards 2007

Answers : beach ball; cliffs; sailing boat; sandcastle; bucket and spade; starfish; sand dunes; seaweed; waves; beach hut; fishing net;

Answers :
1/ 25 x 125 = 3125
2/ 2.5 x 75 =187.5 kg
3/ (2.5 x 3 = 7.5) - (7.5 / 100 x 15 =1.125)6.375 kg
4/ 105 x 8 = 840
5/ 127 x 7 x 4 = 3556
6/ 500 - (500 / 100 x 12 = 60) = 440
7/ 175 / 5 = 35
8/ (15 x 500 = 7500 m = 75 km / 10.2 = 7.35 hours) + (75 / 16 = 4.6 = 12.03 hours
9/ 50 x 5 = 250 litres
10/ 1600 / 16 = 100 therefore 100 : 300 : 500 : 700